考研英语是一门需要长时间、大量、反复练习的学科,考生必须具备持之以恒的毅力和耐心,坚持每天的复习计划,不断提高自己的英语水平。
距离考研
天
英语是需要长期积累和反复练习的学科,考生应该多记单词、多做题,积累语言素材,增加对英语的理解和运用能力。下文中是23考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析,一起来看看吧。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 4
Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.
Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.
The advent of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published.
How insidious is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual—acting as author, editor, and consultant—was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.
Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.
36. According to Paragraph l, the careers of scientists can be determined by ______.
[A] how many citations their works contain
[B] how many times their papers are cited
[C] the prestige of the people they work with
[D] the status they have in scientific circles
37. The support service consultancies tend to ______.
[A] recommend journals to their clients
[B] list citation patterns for their clients
[C] ask authors to include extra citations
[D] advise contributors to cite each other
38. The function of the “milk cow” journals is to ______.
[A] boost citation counts for certain authors
[B] help scholars publish articles at low cost
[C] instruct first-time contributors in citation
[D] increase the readership of new journals
39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraphs?
[A] It fosters competition among citation providers.
[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations.
[C] It hinders the growth of “international” journals.
[D]It is established to prevent citation manipulation.
40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?
[A] Take legal action
[B] Demand an apology
[C] Seek professional advice
[D] Reveal their misconduct
【答案】
36. [B] how many times their papers are cited
37. [C] ask authors to include extra citations
38. [A] boost citation counts for certain authors
39. [B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations
40. [D] Reveal their misconduct
上述是为大家介绍的23考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析,希望可以切实帮助到大家。更多考研英语相关信息,可以关注新航道考研查询。
本文链接:https://www.haoqingsong.com/kyyy/yy/170688.html
本文标题:23考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析
免责声明
1、凡本网注明"稿件来源:“好轻松”的所有文字、图片和音视频稿件,版权均属新航道国际教育集团所有,任何媒体、网站或个人未经本网协议授权不得转载、链接、转贴或以其他任何方式复制、发表。已经本网协议授权的媒体、网站,在下载使用时必须注明"稿件来源:新航道旗下好轻松考研网",违者本网将依法追究法律责任。
2、 本网未注明"稿件来源:好轻松"的文/图等稿件均为转载稿,本网转载仅基于传递更多信息之目的,并不意味着赞同转载稿的观点或证实其内容的真实性。如其他媒体、网站或个人从本网下载使用,必须保留本网注明的"稿件来源",并自负版权等法律责任。如擅自篡改为"稿件来源:好轻松",本网将依法追究法律责任。3、如本网转载稿涉及版权等问题,请作者见稿后在两周内速来电与好轻松考研网联系,电话:4008-125-888